Booting

lsblk                        # list block devices and partitions
fdisk -l                     # list partition table details
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt         # mount partition to a directory
parted

• physical/low level formatting
• partitioning
• logical formatting (creation of filesystem)
• MBR/EFI
• Boot Partition
• Boot sector
• BIOS, CMOS
• POST (Power on self test)
• fragmentation
• mounting?
• efibootmgr
• /boot/efi
• /sys/firmware/efi/
• enable boot logs
• changing kernel parameter during booting
  • init=/bin/bash (Reset Password): Bypasses the entire boot process and drops you directly into a root shell. This allows you to reset your password if you ever forget it.
  • text or 3 (Boot to TTY/Console): Bypasses your graphical desktop login screen completely and boots directly into a raw text terminal (tty1). This would have saved you from the chvt 8 lockup earlier!
  • nomodeset (Fix Black Screen): Disables video driver loading until the GUI starts. This is a lifesaver if your display server is glitching or throwing black screen errors.
  • systemd.unit=multi-user.target: Another clean way to boot strictly into text mode without loading the GUI.